{"id":2279,"date":"2023-05-17T17:16:49","date_gmt":"2023-05-17T15:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/?p=2279"},"modified":"2024-02-19T17:30:09","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T16:30:09","slug":"nejstarsi-stromy-v-ceske-republice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/?p=2279","title":{"rendered":"Nejstar\u0161\u00ed stromy v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Stromy jsou nejen zdrojem kysl\u00edku, d\u0159eva a plod\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 sv\u011bdky historie, kultury a identity. N\u011bkter\u00e9 stromy na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed jsou tak star\u00e9, \u017ee by mohly vypr\u00e1v\u011bt p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy z dob, kdy se zde je\u0161t\u011b neusadili Slovan\u00e9, kdy\u017e byly zalo\u017eeny prvn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tery a hrady, nebo kdy\u017e prob\u00edhaly husitsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Jak ale zjistit, kter\u00e9 stromy jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed, a kde je naj\u00edt?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak ur\u010dit st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stromu?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ur\u010dit p\u0159esn\u00fd v\u011bk stromu nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9. Existuje n\u011bkolik metod, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k odhadu st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich nen\u00ed stoprocentn\u011b spolehliv\u00e1. Mezi nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metody pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed letokruh\u016f:<\/strong> Tato metoda spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee se na \u0159ezu kmene nebo na vzorku odebran\u00e9m speci\u00e1ln\u00edm vrt\u00e1kem spo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 po\u010det letokruh\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok r\u016fstem stromu. Tato metoda je nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale vy\u017eaduje pora\u017een\u00ed stromu nebo jeho po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u2022             M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed obvodu kmene:<\/strong> Tato metoda spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee se podle obvodu kmene a znalosti rychlosti r\u016fstu dan\u00e9ho druhu stromu na ur\u010dit\u00e9m stanovi\u0161ti odhadne jeho v\u011bk. Tato metoda je snadn\u00e1 a neinvazivn\u00ed, ale nep\u0159esn\u00e1, proto\u017ee r\u016fst stromu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mnoha faktorech, jako je p\u016fda, vlhkost, sv\u011btlo, teplota, choroby, po\u0161kozen\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Historick\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy:<\/strong> Tato metoda spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee se podle historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f, jako jsou kroniky, mapy, obrazy, fotografie, pov\u011bsti atd., zjist\u00ed, kdy byl strom zasazen, objeven, poprv\u00e9 zm\u00edn\u011bn nebo ochr\u00e1n\u011bn. Tato metoda je spolehliv\u00e1, pokud existuj\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 a v\u011brohodn\u00e9 zdroje<\/a>, ale ne v\u017edy je mo\u017en\u00e9 je nal\u00e9zt nebo ov\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z t\u011bchto d\u016fvod\u016f je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v\u0161echny \u00fadaje o st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed strom\u016f s rezervou a uv\u011bdomit si, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o odhady, kter\u00e9 se mohou li\u0161it podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch autor\u016f a zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kter\u00e9 stromy jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Podle dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed se za nejstar\u0161\u00ed strom \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky pova\u017euje Vil\u00e9movick\u00fd tis<\/a>, kter\u00fd roste ve Vil\u00e9movic\u00edch u Led\u010de nad S\u00e1zavou v okrese Havl\u00ed\u010dk\u016fv Brod. Jeho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 1500 a\u017e 2000 let, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byl zasazen je\u0161t\u011b v dob\u011b \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Jeho obvod kmene je 360 cm a jeho v\u00fd\u0161ka je 12 m. Tis je symbolem obce a je chr\u00e1n\u011bn jako pam\u00e1tn\u00fd strom od roku 1985.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm velmi star\u00fdm stromem je Tis v Krompachu, kter\u00fd roste v Krompachu v okrese Jablonec nad Nisou. Jeho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 1000 a\u017e 2000 let, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byl zasazen je\u0161t\u011b v dob\u011b keltsk\u00e9 kultury. Jeho obvod kmene je 465 cm a jeho v\u00fd\u0161ka je 15 m. Tis je chr\u00e1n\u011bn jako pam\u00e1tn\u00fd strom od roku 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi nejstar\u0161\u00ed stromy pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik l\u00edp, kter\u00e9 jsou typick\u00fdmi stromy \u010desk\u00e9 krajiny. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed z nich je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b Kloko\u010dovsk\u00e1 l\u00edpa, kter\u00e1 roste v Kloko\u010dov\u011b v okrese Zl\u00edn. Jej\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 1000 let a jej\u00ed obvod kmene je 888 cm. L\u00edpa je chr\u00e1n\u011bna jako pam\u00e1tn\u00fd strom od roku 1983.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed starou l\u00edpou je Tis\u00edcilet\u00e1 l\u00edpa ve St. Lys\u00e9, kter\u00e1 roste ve St. Lys\u00e9 v okrese N\u00e1chod. Jej\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 800 a\u017e 1000 let a jej\u00ed obvod kmene je 657 cm. L\u00edpa je chr\u00e1n\u011bna jako pam\u00e1tn\u00fd strom od roku 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejstar\u0161\u00edm dubem v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je \u017di\u017ek\u016fv dub v N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161ti, kter\u00fd roste v N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161ti v okrese T\u00e1bor. Jeho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 900 a\u017e 1100 let a jeho obvod kmene je 1010 cm. Dub je spojen s legendou o Janu \u017di\u017ekovi, kter\u00fd se pod n\u00edm \u00fadajn\u011b zastavil b\u011bhem husitsk\u00fdch v\u00e1lek. Dub je chr\u00e1n\u011bn jako pam\u00e1tn\u00fd strom od roku 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pro\u010d chr\u00e1nit star\u00e9 stromy?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Star\u00e9 stromy jsou nejen pam\u00e1tkami na minulost, ale tak\u00e9 zdroji pro budoucnost. Star\u00e9 stromy maj\u00ed mnoho p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, jako jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edku, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Produkce kysl\u00edku, kter\u00fd je nezbytn\u00fd pro d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Filtrace vzduchu, kter\u00fd je zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd prachem, pylem, toxiny a alergeny<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody, kter\u00e1 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro prevenci sucha a eroze<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed potravy, \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b a biotopu pro mnoho druh\u016f rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed biodiverzity, kter\u00e1 je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro stabilitu a odolnost ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatu, kter\u00e9 je ovlivn\u011bno teplotou, vlhkost\u00ed, v\u011btrem a sr\u00e1\u017ekami<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Zkr\u00e1\u0161lov\u00e1n\u00ed krajiny, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kulturn\u00edho a estetick\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022             Posilov\u00e1n\u00ed identity, kter\u00e1 je spojena s histori\u00ed, tradicemi a pov\u011bstmi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Star\u00e9 stromy<\/a> jsou tedy neoceniteln\u00fdm bohatstv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli chr\u00e1nit a ct\u00edt. Star\u00e9 stromy jsou \u017eiv\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed moudrost a kr\u00e1su p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Stromy jsou nejen zdrojem kysl\u00edku, d\u0159eva a plod\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 sv\u011bdky historie, kultury a identity. N\u011bkter\u00e9 stromy na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed jsou tak star\u00e9, \u017ee by mohly vypr\u00e1v\u011bt p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy z dob, kdy se zde je\u0161t\u011b neusadili Slovan\u00e9, kdy\u017e byly zalo\u017eeny prvn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tery a hrady, nebo kdy\u017e prob\u00edhaly husitsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Jak ale zjistit, kter\u00e9 stromy jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[795,794,796,791,797,792,793],"class_list":["post-2279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zajimavosti","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cr","tag-letokruhy","tag-nejstarsi-stromy","tag-stari-stromu","tag-stromy","tag-zajimavosti"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2279\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chillimag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}